Pain in the hours following surgical and rubber ring castration in dairy calves: Evidence from conditioned place avoidance

Male cattle reared for beef are typically castrated.Male calves born on dairy farms are increasingly reared for beef, so a better understanding of how to humanely perform this procedure in dairy systems is now required.We studied the short-term affective responses of dairy calves to castration using a conditioned place aversion paradigm.Young Holst

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Supra-transumbilical laparotomy (STL) approach for small bowel atresia repair: Our experience and review of the literature

Background: Supra-Transumbilical Laparotomy (STL) has been used in paediatric surgery for a broad spectrum of abdominal procedures.We report our experience with STL approach for small bowel atresia repair in newborns and review previous published series on the topic.Patients and Methods: Fourteen patients with small bowel atresia were treated via S

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